Date	Event
	1915 to 1925 How Christmas Exchange got its name
1915	The Ottawa Welfare Bureau (OWB) created in 1914 set up a Confidential Index, later called the Social Services Exchange, to coordinate relief to families affected by the First World War. In 1915 this included a master list for Christmas aid, described by the OWB as “a Christmas Exchange for the use of all charitable organizations and individuals in the city.” The purpose of the Christmas Exchange was to coordinate distribution of food and gifts by churches and other community groups, through crosschecking names on their respective lists and notifying them of duplications.
1916	In 1916, 62 letters were sent to churches and societies asking them for a list of families they propose to help. In response 552 families names were received, of which 138 prove to be duplicates. This proved the value of the duplicate check and of notifying community groups about Christmas Exchange services.
1917	As a “temporary wartime measure” the federal government introduces income tax.
1919	The First World War ended on November 11, 1918. Of the 620,000 Canadians who had served in the war, 60,000 were killed and 172,000 were injured. The Social Services Exchange and Christmas Exchange continued, in spite of hopes that the Christmas Exchange might not be needed after the war.
1925	The Ottawa Welfare Bureau held its first fundraising drive and made funds available to Christmas Exchange. This practice did not continue.
	1926 to 1935 Christmas Exchange carries on
1926	The federal government instituted old age pension.
1929	Montreal, Toronto, and New York stock markets suffer the worst economic crash in history triggering the Great Depression of the 1930s.
1930	Christmas Exchange received the first unsolicited gift of $5, which activates a Christmas Exchange fund that snowballed from then on.
1931	The Ottawa Welfare Bureau switched from giving financial assistance to doing casework. The City of Ottawa began providing social assistance benefits, following creation of the Public Welfare Board. Christmas Exchange had its busiest year to date. 1931 was a bad year for Ottawa: City Hall burned down, the City water mains blew up, taxes went up to a record high along with the summer temperatures, and the Ottawa Senators hockey team died.
1934	The Christmas Exchange together with Social Services Exchange was transferred to the new Ottawa Council of Social Agencies.
	1936 to 1945 When the Christmas Exchange began giving gift certificates
1936	In the depths of the Depression, despite combined efforts by individuals, service clubs, churches, and women’s institutes, 289 families are left without help, so great was the demand.
1937	Reluctant to take on the role of direct provider, the Exchange recorded the assertion that its purpose is “to prevent overlapping and duplication in the giving of Christmas dinners.” Nonetheless, unsolicited funds continued to come in.
1939	Canada’s entry into the Second World War put people back to work and improved the economy. At the same time, seniors’ pensions were devalued because of inflation.
1941	Unemployment Insurance was introduced.
1942	Donations of $1,061 to Christmas Exchange were recorded, and of the 526 referrals submitted, 106 were duplicates.
1943	For the first time the Exchange gave out gift certificates to 634 families because it now has the funding from continued unsolicited funds to do so, and because wartime rationing called a halt to food gift baskets.
1944	The Family Allowance Act was introduced.
1945	The Second World War ended on April 16, 1945, with 42,000 Canadian service people dead and 54,000 wounded.
	1946 to 1955
1951	The Old Age Security Act was passed with pensions for all men and women 70 years of age and over. The mid-century census recorded Canada’s population as 14 million.
1954	The Ottawa Welfare Bureau became the Ottawa Family Services Centre, and the Social Services Exchange together with the Christmas Exchange became part of the Ottawa Welfare Council. Christmas Exchange recorded 1,729 referrals received of which 203 were duplicates.
	1956 to 1965 Times change
1957	After 12 years of prosperity, the economy entered a serious recession. The Social Services Exchange closed but the work of the Christmas Exchange carried on through the Christmas Exchange Committee, which became a Standing Committee of the Ottawa Welfare Council. Christmas Exchange helped 1,479 families with Christmas Dinner.
1958	The unemployment rate, which had been between 3% and 4% for most of the 1950s, climbed to more than 7%. Of the 2,017 referrals, 360 were duplicates.
1959	A report notes that 75% of $4,905 in donations came in the last 10 days before Christmas.
1961	The Exchange Committee opened a toy centre, helped by the Kinsmen who did repairs on used toys. 385 duplicates were found, 2,136 families helped and 2,750 children received toys for Christmas from the toy centre.
1963	The Citizens’ Committee on Children and the Ottawa Welfare Council took up sponsorship of the toy centre. Up to this point referrals were received from social agencies, but more “working poor” families began asking directly for help, and became a focus of the Exchange. 582 duplicates found, 2,729 families helped and 3,353 children received toys.
	By the mid-1960s, the toy centre became unmanageable, a victim of its own success, so it was discontinued. The Salvation Army opened a toy centre in 1973, which continues until today.
	1966 to 1975 The Christmas Exchange goes it alone
1969	The Ottawa Welfare Council, now called Social Planning Council, found it hard to continue the annual Christmas Exchange coordination. The workload had become too much for the roughly 80 volunteers, so a temporary staff of two was hired for the campaign period, October to January. The number of “public welfare” referrals had climbed to 83%, representing a change in focus from the “working poor.”
1971	A campaign organized and run by media raised more money than ever before, but the media could not undertake to run a campaign every year.
1973	The Social Planning Council proposed setting up an independent, incorporated agency, with a volunteer board representing consumers, referring agencies, donors, churches, and service clubs. Since a Christmas Bonus was issued to people receiving social assistance the Christmas Exchange concentrated on helping the working poor and low-income seniors.
1974	Incorporation is complete. Several Ottawa businesses loaned office furniture, and two temporary staff began work in October. The five largest banks agreed to accept donations.
1975	The Exchange, processed 2,831 referrals from 105 agencies, and found 535 duplicates, received donations of $27,730 and distributed 250 hampers.
	1976 to 1985 CFMO Radiothon brings home the bacon
1976	CFMO Radio and The Ottawa Citizen agreed to co-sponsor a broadcast on the first Sunday of December each year. It is very successful and brought in hundreds of new supporters and thousands of dollars.
1980s	The deepest and longest recession of the Canadian economy since the Second World War occurred in 1981–1982 causing a rise in unemployment. Through the 1980s all banks and trust companies accepted donations for Christmas Exchange. West Lions Club raised the necessary funds to pack and distribute hampers for Christmas Exchange throughout the 1980s into the 1990s. The pattern of opening a temporary office each October and closing at the end of January began, with two staff hired during that period to run the office along with an army of volunteers. St. Vincent de Paul acted as custodian of the Exchange’s files and records. The referrals continued to be manually process.
1981	The Exchange helped 3,116 families, 665 duplicates were found, and churches and service clubs distributed 1,330 hampers. Donations totaling $91,313 were recorded. Although people on social assistance continue to receive a Christmas bonus, the amount had been decreasing over the years becoming lower than what Christmas Exchange provided to the working poor. The Board of Directors decided to “top-up” social assistance bonuses, funds permitting.
1985	The number of families helped increased by 62% over the previous year.
	1986 to 1995 The era of reduced social benefits
1988	A new record number of 7,054 families were helped thanks to the $230,000 raised.
1990	A severe recession occurred in 1990–91, unemployment rose, it took longer to find a new job, and some workers from the manufacturing sector who lost jobs were unable find another. The Exchange began using computers and database software to process applications.
1991	CFMO moved to Smith Falls but continued to do the Christmas Exchange Broadcast. Because the radio signal from Smith Falls was faint in Ottawa, the broadcast stops after one year. Banks and trust companies would no longer receive donations on behalf of Christmas Exchange.
1994	People receiving social assistance stopped getting the Christmas bonus. The Board of Christmas Exchange decided that the office needed to operate year-round with a permanent staff of two, and many volunteers, in order to raise the funds required
	1996 to 2005
1996	The Exchange goes on-line.
1997	Rod Bryden, well known Ottawa Business man and owner of the Ottawa Senators Hockey Team, agreed to serve as the first Honorary Campaign Chair and continued to serve until 1998.
1999	Jean Pigott. former MP and Chair of the National Capital Commission agreed to serve as Honorary Campaign Chair and served until 2000. CFRA Radio, The Ottawa Citizen and the Westin Hotel, jointly sponsored the Christmas Cheer Broadcast and Christmas Cheer Breakfast. 275 Volunteers collectively invest 3,300 hours in the work of the Exchange
2000	The dot.com bubble raised expectations of unlimited economic growth. The Exchange helped 23,313 people.
2001	Jim Watson, former Mayor of Ottawa, and Commissioner of Tourism, agreed to chair the 2001 campaign and served until 2002. The Exchange helped a record 25,267 people. The dot.com bubble burst, with thousands of jobs lost in Ottawa.
2002	The cost of living rose while incomes did not. Former donors became clients as a result of continued job losses in the high tech sector. Christmas Exchange provided assistance to more than 7,800 households.
2003	The Exchange helped close to 8,000 households. Wayne Rostad, philanthropist and host of CBC’s “On the Road Again,” took on the role of Honorary Chair. Since 1999, the Exchange estimates that it has saved participating community groups more than half a million dollars as a result of the duplication check.
2004	With Wayne Rostad chairing the campaign for a second year, the Exchange assists more than 7,200 households after receiving referrals from close to 300 agents.
2005	The Christmas Exchange shares a 90th anniversary with the Ottawa Family Services Centre. Exchange and the 3rd year of Wayne’s chairing the campaign bring celebration as well as a hard look at how to do even better. The Exchange conservatively estimates that volunteers over the Exchange’s nine decades have collectively invested at least 150,000 hours of their time and skills — that’s roughly 90 years!

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